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Juraj Novosad
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Review of methods used to extract features from EEG data. Algorithmic methods, not much of neural is described.
## Usage of variational autoencoders
### Key Studies on VAEs and AEs in EEG Feature Extraction
1. **VAEEG: Variational Auto-Encoder for EEG Representation**
- **Overview**: Introduces a self-supervised VAE model, VAEEG, designed to extract concise and informative representations from EEG data across separate frequency bands.
- **Applications**: Demonstrated effectiveness in clinical tasks such as pediatric brain development assessment, epileptic seizure detection, and sleep stage classification.
- **Findings**: VAEEG achieved superior reconstruction performance and enhanced downstream classification tasks, indicating its potential as a robust feature extractor for EEG signals. [sciencedirect.com+1pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov+1](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811924004439?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
2. **hvEEGNet: Hierarchical VAE for EEG Data**
- **Overview**: Proposes two VAE models, vEEGNet-ver3 and hvEEGNet, incorporating EEGNet-based encoders and a dynamic time warping loss function.
- **Applications**: Tested on the BCI Competition IV Dataset 2a, focusing on high-fidelity EEG reconstruction.
- **Findings**: hvEEGNet outperformed previous solutions in reconstructing EEG data, suggesting its utility in anomaly detection and as a feature extractor for classification tasks. [imiens.org+4arxiv.org+4pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov+4](https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.00799?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
3. **EEG2Vec: Learning Affective EEG Representations via VAEs**
- **Overview**: Develops a conditional VAE framework, EEG2Vec, to learn generative-discriminative representations from EEG data.
- **Applications**: Focused on emotion recognition, achieving robust classification performance and the ability to generate synthetic EEG data resembling real inputs.
- **Findings**: Demonstrated the model's suitability for unsupervised EEG modeling and potential in generating artificial training data. [arxiv.org](https://arxiv.org/abs/2207.08002?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
4. **CNN-VAE Framework for Motor Imagery Classification**
- **Overview**: Combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) with VAEs to classify motor imagery EEG signals.
- **Applications**: Applied to the BCI Competition IV Dataset 2b, focusing on motor imagery tasks.
- **Findings**: The CNN-VAE framework outperformed existing methods, indicating the effectiveness of integrating CNNs with VAEs for feature extraction and classification in EEG-based BCIs. [imiens.org+5ouci.dntb.gov.ua+5pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov+5](https://ouci.dntb.gov.ua/en/works/lDXm8RZl/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)[ouci.dntb.gov.ua+5link.springer.com+5pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov+5](https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11042-024-19850-0?utm_source=chatgpt.com)[pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6387242/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
5. **Unsupervised Feature Extraction with Autoencoders for Multiclass Motor Imagery BCI**
- **Overview**: Utilizes autoencoders for unsupervised feature extraction in multiclass motor imagery EEG classification.
- **Applications**: Focused on enhancing classification performance in BCI systems.
- **Findings**: The approach improved classification accuracy, demonstrating the potential of autoencoders in extracting meaningful features from EEG data. [ouci.dntb.gov.ua](https://ouci.dntb.gov.ua/en/works/lDXm8RZl/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)[pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov+1ouci.dntb.gov.ua+1](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32982703/?utm_source=chatgpt.com)
Variations of VAE:
* CVAE - conditional vae. Class specific image generation
* Beta-vae - Tunable parameter to control tradeof between reconstruction quality and disentanglement
* VQ-vae - provide discrete latent space for sharper reconstructions
TODO:
- find augmentation methods worth of trying
- find example architecture for classification BCI